They Left Great Marks on Me: African American Testimonies of Racial Violence from Emancipation to World War IWell after slavery was abolished, its legacy of violence left deep wounds on African-Americans' bodies, minds, and lives. For many victims and witnesses of the assaults, rapes, murders, night rides, lynchings, and other bloody acts that followed, those suffering this violence engendered were at once too painful to put into words yet too horrible to suppress.